Crystalline massifs in Türkiye
The crystalline massifs (hard masses composed of old metamorphic and magmatic rocks) in Türkiye are located within the Alpine-Himalayan fold belt.
These massifs form the oldest terrestrial cores that shed light on Turkey's geological past. There are a total of 31 large metamorphic massifs in Turkey, showing different characteristics, 13 in the Pontid block and 18 in the Anatolid-Torid block.
In terms of area, Menderes (18,150 km²) and Bitlis (18,110 km²) are the largest, while Sultandağı (310 km²) and Sivrihisar (320 km²) are the smallest metamorphic massifs. In terms of average values, the highest elevation is at Bolkardağ (2595 m) and the lowest at Kapıdağ (167 m).
KAYNAK
Madencilik Türkiye Dergisi, 1 Haziran 2026, Sayı: 135, Sayfa: 84-101
https://madencilikturkiye.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/135.SAYI-SQ-NV1.pdf

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